Figure 2.

Invasion efficiency of Lm on HepG2 cells increased when ROS were inhibited by DPI or NAC. Confocal micrograph of 0 (a) or 1 (b) μmol/L DPI‐treated Lm (ATCC 43251); confocal micrograph of 0 (c) or 0.1 (d) mmol/L NAC‐treated EGDe; Lm, cell nucleus, and cytomembrane were stained as red, blue, and green, respectively, in this immunofluorescence assay. The invasiveness of NAC‐treated ATCC 43251 (e) or EGDe (f) and DPI‐treated ATCC 43251 (g) or EGDe (h) was estimated by plate counting. Data are mean ± SEM, *p < .05, **p < .01. DPI, diphenyleneiodonium chloride; Lm, Listeria monocytogenes; NAC, N‐acetyl cysteine; ROC, reactive oxygen species