Table 2. Tumor Characteristics of the Study Cohort.
| Tumor Characteristic | cSCCs, No. (%) | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 310) |
Cutaneous Lip (n = 138) |
Vermilion Lip (n = 172) |
||
| Follow-up time, median (range), mo | 49.6 (12.2-196.3) | 54.8 (12.6-196.3) | 46.2 (12.2-188.0) | .04 |
| Tumor diameter, cm | .01 | |||
| <2 | 267 (86.1) | 128 (92.8) | 139 (80.8) | |
| ≥2 | 36 (11.6) | 8 (5.8) | 28 (16.3) | |
| Unknown | 7 (2.3) | 2 (1.5) | 5 (2.9) | |
| Tumor differentiation | .02 | |||
| Well | 239 (77.1) | 116 (84.1) | 123 (71.5) | |
| Moderate to poor | 71 (22.9) | 22 (15.9) | 49 (28.5) | |
| Level of invasion | .41 | |||
| Dermis | 284 (91.6) | 129 (93.5) | 155 (90.1) | |
| Fat | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0) | |
| Fascia | 2 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.2) | |
| Muscle | 22 (7.1) | 8 (5.8) | 14 (8.1) | |
| Bone | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.6) | |
| Perineural invasion, mm | .62 | |||
| None | 289 (93.2) | 130 (94.2) | 159 (92.4) | |
| <0.1 | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.7) | 0 (0) | |
| ≥0.1 | 4 (1.3) | 1 (0.7) | 3 (1.7) | |
| Present, nerve diameter unknown | 16 (5.2) | 6 (4.4) | 10 (5.8) | |
| BWH T stage | .15 | |||
| T1/T2a (low) | 295 (95.2) | 134 (97.1) | 161 (93.6) | |
| T2b/T3 (high) | 15 (4.8) | 4 (2.9) | 11 (6.4) | |
| AJCC 8 T stage | .08 | |||
| T1/T2 (low) | 282 (91.0) | 130 (94.2) | 152 (88.4) | |
| T3/T4a,b (high) | 28 (9.0) | 8 (5.8) | 20 (11.6) | |
| Treatment modality | <.001 | |||
| Standard excision | 69 (22.3) | 15 (10.9) | 54 (31.4) | |
| Mohs surgery | 199 (64.2) | 110 (79.7) | 89 (51.7) | |
| Other treatment | 42 (13.6) | 13 (9.4) | 29 (16.9) | |
| Outcomes of interest | ||||
| Local recurrence | 15 (4.8) | 4 (2.9) | 11 (6.4) | .15 |
| Nodal metastasis | 15 (4.8) | 2 (1.5) | 13 (7.6) | .01 |
| Disease-specific death | 10 (3.2) | 4 (2.9) | 6 (3.5) | >.99 |
| Any poor outcome | 25 (8.1) | 5 (3.6) | 20 (11.6) | .01 |
| All-cause death | 86 (27.7) | 40 (29.0) | 46 (26.7) | .66 |
Abbreviations: AJCC 8, American Joint Committee on Cancer Cancer Staging Manual, 8th Edition; BWH, Brigham and Women’s Hospital staging system; cSCC, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.