Table 2.

Associations detected in multiple linear regressions for children’s gut microbiotas’ Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio and α-diversity.

Response	Covariate	Coefficient estimate	T-value*	P-value	Adjusted R-squared
Gut F:B ratio	vegetables	15.0	6.21	5.08 × 10−9
	meats	−18.8	−3.28	1.28 × 10−3
Overall model				9.45 × 10−9	20.79%
Gut α-diversity	vegetables	−0.0769	−3.22	1.57 × 10−3
	fruit	0.0543	2.63	9.52 × 10−3
Overall model				3.76 × 10−3	5.94%

Each multiple regression comprised 17 potential covariates, but only diet-related ones were retained by variable selection procedures. Coefficient estimates and significance (p-values) are shown, together with overall model significance and R-squared, for the regressions restricted to the selected diet-related covariates.

^*Test statistic of a null hypothesis that a covariate’s coefficient is equal to zero.