Fig. 1. The hypothesis of osteocyte dysfunction and hypermineralization. Hyperglycemia decreases bone resorption by inhibiting the osteoclast and decreases bone formation directly by inhibiting the osteoblast and indirectly by increasing sclerostin production by the osteocytes. The reduced bone turnover leads to microcracks and bone fractures. Furthermore, the hyperglycemia triggers hypermineralization in the bone causing high bone mineral density (BMD).
