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Schematic image of an osteolytic osteocyte in its lacuna. The activation of the PTHR1 via PTH or PTHrP, also the action of TGFβ on its receptor TGFβR2, as well as the absence of strain and therefore the expression of sclerostin can induce the osteolytic state, while calcitonin acts inhibitory. Both the demineralization via acidification involving the Ca2 and the vATPase, and the proteolytic degradation via MMP13, TRAP, and CtsK are implicated in the osteolytic activity of osteocytes.
