TABLE 2. Pertinent clinical findings among 207 suspected, 72 laboratory-confirmed, and 120 excluded congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) patients — Congenital Rubella Syndrome Sentinel Surveillance, India, December 2016–July 2017.
| Clinical finding | All suspected CRS (N = 207), no. (%) | Laboratory-confirmed CRS (N = 72), no. (%) | Excluded noncases (N = 120), no. (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
General examination
| |||
| Jaundice |
28 (13.5) |
5 (6.9) |
18 (15.0) |
| Rash |
19 (9.2) |
12 (16.7) |
4 (3.3) |
| Lymphadenopathy |
7 (3.4) |
1 (1.4) |
5 (4.2) |
| Purpura |
6 (2.9) |
4 (5.6) |
0 (—) |
|
Cardiorespiratory
| |||
| Structural heart defect |
135 (65.2) |
60 (83.3) |
66 (55.0) |
| Retractions |
43 (20.8) |
14 (19.4) |
23 (19.2) |
|
Gastrointestinal
| |||
| Hepatomegaly |
63 (30.4) |
29 (40.3) |
28 (23.3) |
| Splenomegaly |
33 (15.9) |
17 (23.6) |
12 (10.0) |
|
Central nervous system
| |||
| Microcephaly |
91 (44.0) |
41 (56.9) |
41 (34.2) |
| Developmental delay |
55 (26.6) |
19 (26.4) |
32 (26.7) |
| Hypertonia |
25 (12.1) |
11 (15.3) |
10 (8.3) |
| History of seizures |
17 (8.2) |
2 (2.8) |
10 (8.3) |
| Hypotonia |
14 (6.8) |
3 (4.2) |
9 (7.5) |
| Bulging anterior fontanelle |
4 (1.9) |
0 (—) |
2 (1.7) |
| Meningoencephalitis |
4 (1.9) |
0 (—) |
2 (1.7) |
|
Ophthalmologic
| |||
| Cataract |
78 (37.7) |
45 (62.5) |
28 (23.3) |
| Microphthalmos |
17 (8.2) |
10 (13.9) |
6 (5.0) |
| Pigmentary retinopathy |
11 (5.3) |
7 (9.7) |
3 (2.5) |
| Congenital glaucoma |
7 (3.4) |
5 (6.9) |
2 (1.7) |
| Microcornea |
8 (3.9) |
4 (5.6) |
4 (3.3) |
|
Ear, nose, and throat
| |||
| Hearing impairment |
54 (26.1) |
25 (34.7) |
25 (20.8) |
|
No. of CRS diagnostic criteria met
| |||
| 1 |
115 (55.5) |
21 (29.2) |
87 (72.5) |
| 2 |
61 (29.5) |
26 (36.1) |
30 (25.0) |
| ≥3 | 31 (15.0) | 25 (34.7) | 3 (2.5) |