Table 1.

Hair anomalies and their associated pathologies.

Anomaly	Pathological condition	Lashes only	Description
Pigmentation	Poliosis		Decreased/absence of pigmentation in hair from any area of the body,36 by decreased/absence of melanin and/or hair follicle melanocytes37
Direction and position			Primary trichiasis: misdirected lash, by misdirection of the hair shaft38
	Trichiasis	X	Secondary trichiasis: secondary to entropion, normal orientation of the hair shaft38
	Distichiasis	X	Abnormal row of lashes near or in the Meibomian glands; rare condition39
Growth	Hypotrichosis		Reduced hair density in any area of the body40
	Milphosis	X	Lash loss41
	Madarosis		Lash and/or eyebrow loss41
Mixed	Hypertrichosis		An increased of hair in any area of the body, beyond the normal variation for age, sex or race42
	Trichomegaly		Increased lash (>12 mm) and/or eyebrow length, curl, stiffness, pigmentation and thickness43, 44, 45