Table 1.
Characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analysis.
| First author, year | Source | Country | Study design | Inclusion period | Centre | Patient number: used for analysis/total (n/n) | AP aetiology | AP severity classification system | Groups based on seTG (mM); patients (n) | AP outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jiang, 200554 | Chin J Dig Dis | CHN | NA | Jan 2000–Jan 2002 | S | 99/99 | B, A, O | N.R. | <1.7; 71 >1.7; 28 |
# Hospital stays # Ranson and APACHE II scores # Pulmonary, cardiovascular and renal failure # Pancreatic pseudocyst and infected necrosis |
| Balachandra, 200620 | Int J Clin Pract | UK | P | 2001 | S | 40/43 | B, A, I, pE | N.R. | <1.8; 26 >1.8; 14 |
# Pancreatic pseudocyst or necrosis # Respiratory insufficiency # Atlanta mild and severe cases |
| Deng, 200855 | World J Gastroenterol | CHN | R | Mar 2003–Dec 2004 | S | 176/176 | A, B, D, L-asparaginase chemotherapypregnancy | N.R. | <5.65; 131 ≥5.65; 45 |
# Ranson, APACHE II and Balthazar’s CT scores # Pulmonary (ARDS) and renal failure # Acute hepatitis # Shock # Encephalopathy # Infection # Mortality |
| Baranyai, 201256 | Clin Lipidol | HUN | R | Jan 2007–Dec 2009 | S | 351/351 | HTG, O | N.R. | <11.3; 328 >11.3; 23 |
# Complications # Severe AP # Sepsis # Necrosis # Mortality # Hospital stays |
| Ivanova, 201257 | Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int | ESP | P | Mar 2006–Feb 2007 | S | 133/133 | B, A, I, HTG, O | N.R. | <11.28; 126 >11.28; 7 |
# ICU admission # Mortality # Hospital stays |
| Zeng, 201416 | Am J Med Sci | CHN | R | N.D. | S | 340/340 | B, B + HTG | Revised Atlanta Classification | <1.70; 250 1.70–2.25; 18 2.26–5.64; 31 ≥ 5.65; 41 |
# Mild, moderately severe and severe AP # Ranson score # Pulmonary, cardiovascular and renal failure # Pancreatic pseudocyst and infected necrosis # Sepsis # SIRS # Pancreatic necrosis, pseudocyst and abscess |
| Nawaz, 201515 | Am J Gastroenterol | USA | P | Jun 2003–Jun 2004 | S | 201/201 | B, A, I, HTG, O | Revised Atlanta Classification | <1.70; 115 1.70–2.26; 20 2.27–11.32; 41 ≥11.33; 25 |
# Persistent organ failure # ICU admission # Mortality # Pancreatic necrosis |
| Zheng, 201558 | Pancreas | CHN | R | Jan 2006–Dec 2010 | M | 2461/2461 | B, A, HTG, O | N.R. | <11.3; 2206 >11.3; 255 |
# Mild and severe AP cases # Mortality |
| Chen, 201642 | Pancreatology | CHN | NA | Mar 2015–Mar 2016 | S | 57/57 | B, A, I, HL | Revised Atlanta Classification | <11.33; 30 >11.33; 27 |
# Mild, moderately severe and severe AP cases # Pancreatic necrosis # Organ failure, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome # Infected necrosis # Mortality # Length of hospitalization # Length of ICU stay # APACHE II, SOFA and BISAP scores |
| Goyal, 201643 | North Am J Med Sci | USA | R | Jan 2009–Jun 2015 | S | 177/177 | HTG, A | Revised Atlanta Classification | <11.33; 147 >11.33; 30 |
# Mild, moderately severe and severe AP cases # BISAP, SIRS scores and Balthazar index # Hospital stays, ICU admission # Surgical intervention # Mortality |
| Párniczky, 2016*,44 | PLoS One | HUN | P | Jan 2013–Jan 2015 | M | 113/600 | B, I, A, A + D, HL, pE, O | Revised Atlanta Classification | <1.7; 59 1.7–5.64; 28 5.65–11.33; 4 ≥11.33; 22 |
# Mild, moderately severe and severe AP cases # Mortality |
| Tai, 201645 | Gastroenterol Res Pract | CHN | R | Feb 2010–Jan 2014 | S | 294/294 | B, HTG | Revised Atlanta Classification | <11.33; 168 >11.33; 126 |
# Mild, moderately severe and severe AP cases # Mortality # Pulmonary failure (ALI/ARDS) # Renal insufficiency # Cardiovascular insufficiency # Gastrointestinal bleeding # Sepsis # Multiple organ disfunction syndrome # Hospital stays |
| Sue, 201717 | Pancreas | USA | R | 2006–2013 | M | 2519/2519 | B, A, O | Revised Atlanta Classification | <1.7; 1729 1.7–2.26; 251 2.27–5.66; 308 5.67–11.32; 82 ≥11.33; 149 |
# No organ failure # Transient organ failure # Multiple or persistent organ failure |
| Wan, 201718 | Lipids Health Dis | CHN | R | Jan 2005–Dec 2013 | S | 1539/1539 | B, A, HTG, I, O | Revised Atlanta Classification | <1.7; 1078 1.7–2.23; 107 2.23–11.2; 242 >11.2; 112 |
# Mild, moderately severe and severe AP cases # Pancreatic necrosis # Organ failure, persistent or multiple organ failure # Persistent SIRS # Mortality # Length of hospitalization # Length of ICU stay # Acute peripancreatic fluid collection # Acute necrotic collection |
| Wu, 201746 | Pancreatology | CHN | R | Jul 2009–Jul 2014 | S | 262/262 | B, A, O | Revised Atlanta Classification | <1.7; 104 1.7–5.67; 72 5.67–11.33; 47 >11.33; 39 |
# Pulmonary failure (ARDS) # Renal failure (acute kidney injury) # Shock # Infected pancreatic necrosis # Mortality # Hospital stays # ICU stays |
| Zhu, 201747 | Pancreas | CHN | NA | Jan 2005–Dec 2012 | S | 3203/3260 | B, I, HL, A, O, (Mixed) | Revised Atlanta Classification | <11.33; 2736 >11.33; 467 |
# Mild, moderately severe and severe AP cases # Mortality |
Abbreviations: A, alcoholic; ALI, acute lung injury; AP, acute pancreatitis; APACHE II, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; B, biliary; BISAP, bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis; CHN, China; CT, computed tomography; D, overeating and/or high-fat diet; ESP, Spain; HTG, hypertriglyceridaemic; HUN, Hungary; I, idiopathic; ICU, intensive care unit; M, multicentre; NA, not available; NR, not relevant, because the data from AP severity were not used for the meta-analysis; O, others; P, prospective; pE, post- endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; R, retrospective; S, single-centre; SIRS, Systemic inflammatory response syndrome; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; seTG, serum triglyceride concentration; UK, United Kingdom; USA, United States of America. *The authors had access to the raw data in Párniczky et al. (2016)44 because of the overlap between the authors. Therefore, it was possible to create new groups based on seTG which were not presented in the original publication (Supplementary Table S3).