Fig. 5.

Determinants and conservation of the epitope targeted by 85RF45.1. a, b Direct interactions between the CDR loops of 85RF45.1 and charged residues (a) or hydrophobic patches (b) in Pfs48/45-6C. Heavy and light chain CDRs are coloured as in Fig. 4. Residues that directly interact are shown as stick representation (green for Pfs4845 residues, red and dark red for 85RF45.1 residues). Hydrogen bonds are indicated by dashed grey lines. c Surface footprint of 85RF45.1 on Pfs48/45-6C, represented by directly interacting residues, coloured in green. Residues that vary among >2400 Pfs48/45 sequences are shown in yellow and the observed substitutions as well as the overall frequency of substitutions are indicated