Table 1. Baseline characteristics of study population.
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Age, yr | 66.4±9.5 |
| Male sex | 174 (78.0) |
| Smoking status | |
| Pack-years | 34.2±35.4 |
| Current/Ex-/Never smoker | 72 (32.3)/107 (48.0)/44 (19.7) |
| Age at symptom onset, yr | 52.9±15.0 |
| Duration of treatment, yr | 7.7±6.8 |
| Asthma diagnosis before age 40 | 40 (17.9) |
| Other allergic diseases | 54 (24.2) |
| Post-bronchodilator FEV1, % predicted | 59.6±13.7 |
| Diagnosis of airflow variability | |
| Immediate BDR | 184 (82.5) |
| >20% FEV1 after treatment | 41 (18.4) |
| PEFR variability | 45 (20.2) |
| Methacholine provocation test | 10 (4.5) |
| Comorbidity | |
| Rhinosinusitis | 23 (10.3) |
| Gastroesophageal reflux | 28 (12.6) |
| Hypertension | 86 (38.6) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 23 (10.3) |
| Heart failure | 13 (5.8) |
| Arrhythmia | 11 (4.9) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 33 (14.8) |
| Osteoporosis | 27 (12.1) |
| Aspirin sensitivity | 8 (3.6) |
| Depression | 24 (10.8) |
| Physician's diagnosis | |
| Asthma | 22 (9.9) |
| COPD | 45 (20.2) |
| Asthma-dominant ACOS | 72 (32.3) |
| COPD-dominant ACOS | 84 (37.7) |
Values are presented as mean±SD or number (%) unless otherwise indicated.
FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 second; BDR: bronchodilator response; PEFR: peak expiratory flow rate; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ACOS: asthma-COPD overlap syndrome.