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. 2017 Sep 22;313(6):H1199–H1208. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00306.2017

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Fig. 3. — Functional stability of perfused rabbit hearts with the tip of the LED catheter positioned inside the left ventricular chamber. A: after the left atrium was cut at time 0 in the Langendorff experiments, the LED catheter was inserted into the left ventricle via the mitral valve. Cardiac function recovers from this perturbation after 6.5 ± 0.9 min to a new steady state with aortic flow (which is equal to total coronary flow) slightly lower than that before insertion of the LED catheter. B: functional stability over 60 min in left working hearts after insertion of the LED catheter (n = 3; *) was similar to that of left working hearts without the LED catheter (n = 7; ○), indicating that the LED catheter does not impose time-dependent effects on heart rate and cardiac output. BPM, beats/min.