Table 2.
Controls (n = 63) | Subclinical HCM (n = 79) | Overt HCM (n = 50) | P-value for global test | P-valuea, control vs. subclinical | P-valuea, control vs. overt | P-valuea, subclinical vs. overt | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MV annular diameter at end diastole (mm) | 34.6 ± 0.4 | 33.9 ± 0.4 | 37.5 ± 0.7 | 0.002 | 0.29 | 0.0008 | <0.0001 |
Anterior MV leaflet characteristics | |||||||
ALL (mm) | 29.1 ± 0.5 | 29.9 ± 0.5 | 31.7 ± 0.5 | 0.0008 | 0.21 | 0.0002 | 0.014 |
Anterior leaflet thickness (mm) | 1.34 ± 0.06 | 1.41 ± 0.08 | 1.76 ± 0.09 | 0.030 | 0.45 | 0.0003 | 0.009 |
ALL/BSAb (mm/m2) | 16.0 ± 0.4 | 17.1 ± 0.4 | 17.9 ± 0.4 | 0.006 | 0.018 | 0.002 | 0.11 |
ALL/LVEDVib (mm/ mL/m2) | 0.51 ± 0.02 | 0.57 ± 0.02 | 0.78 ± 0.04 | <0.0001 | 0.013 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
ALL/LVOT diameter | 1.35 ± 0.02 | 1.42 ± 0.03 | 1.47 ± 0.03 | 0.006 | 0.015 | 0.001 | 0.21 |
Posterior MV leaflet characteristics | |||||||
PLL (mm) | 15.3 ± 0.4 | 15.6 ± 0.4 | 18.2 ± 0.6 | 0.001 | 0.45 | <0.0001 | 0.0002 |
Posterior leaflet thickness (mm) | 1.62 ± 0.07 | 1.79 ± 0.08 | 2.12 ± 0.09 | 0.013 | 0.059 | <0.0001 | 0.012 |
PLL/BSAb (mm/m2) | 8.3 ± 0.3 | 8.8 ± 0.3 | 10.2 ± 0.4 | <0.0001 | 0.11 | <0.0001 | 0.001 |
PLL/LVEDVib (mm/ mL/m2) | 0.28 ± 0.01 | 0.30 ± 0.01 | 0.45 ± 0.02 | 0.0003 | 0.079 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
PLL/LVOT diameter | 0.71 ± 0.02 | 0.74 ± 0.02 | 0.84 ± 0.03 | 0.001 | 0.18 | <0.0001 | 0.001 |
Papillary muscle (PM) characteristics | |||||||
H2: Papillary-septal separation (mm) | 34.2 ± 0.9 | 31.1 ± 0.7 | 29.4 ± 0.8 | 0.007 | 0.004 | <0.0001 | 0.033 |
H1: Medio-lateral PM separation (mm) | 17.6 ± 0.5 | 18.4 ± 0.6 | 20.0 ± 0.7 | 0.016 | 0.27 | 0.001 | 0.08 |
Papillary-septal separation /LV internal diameter | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.67 ± 0.01 | 0.64 ± 0.01 | 0.010 | 0.011 | <0.0001 | 0.065 |
Mitral regurgitation (MR)c | |||||||
None | 36 (57.1%) | 40 (50.6%) | 11 (22.0%) | 0.048 | 0.17 | 0.08 | 0.09 |
Trace | 25 (39.7%) | 37 (46.8%) | 30 (60.0%) | ||||
Mild | 2 (3.2%) | 1 (1.3%) | 7 (14.0%) | ||||
Moderate | 2 (4.0%) | ||||||
Severe |
Values expressed as mean adjusted for age, sex, family relations, and BSA ± standard error, unless otherwise stated.
ALL, anterior leaflet length; BSA, body surface area; LVEDVi, LV end-diastolic volume indexed for BSA; LVOT, left ventricular outflow tract; MV, mitral valve; PLL, posterior leaflet length.
P-values reflect adjustment for age, sex, BSA, and family relations unless otherwise stated. A P-value <0.017 was considered statistically significant.
BSA was not included in multivariable models given that BSA was already incorporated in the dependent variable.
MR could not be evaluated in 1 (1.3%) patient in the subclinical HCM cohort.