Table 2:
Characteristics of patients after propensity matching
| Dialysis (44,392) |
Non-dialysis Propensity Matched (44,392) |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (Mean ± SE) | 63.4 (15) | 63.5 (14.9) | 0.11 |
| Female | 22775 (51.3) | 22783 (51.3) | 0.96 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| CHF | 10479 (23.6) | 10454 (23.55) | 0.84 |
| Valvular disease | 2490 (5.6) | 2302 (5.2) | 0.005 |
| Peripheral vascular disease |
5471 (12.32) | 5465 (12.31) | 0.95 |
| Hypertension | 37030 (83.42) | 37042 (83.44) | 0.91 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease |
8235 (18.55) | 8311 (18.72) | 0.51 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 10396 (23.42) | 10419 (23.47) | 0.86 |
| Liver disease | 1838 (4.14) | 1865 (4.2) | 0.65 |
| AIDS | 426 (1.0) | 384 (0.9) | 0.14 |
| Alcohol abuse | 519 (1.2) | 1637 (3.7) | <.0001 |
| Drug abuse | 1223 (2.8) | 1774 (4) | <.0001 |
| Depression | 3235 (7.3) | 5149 (11.6) | <.0001 |
| CCI | <.0001 | ||
| 0 | 9779 (22.0) | 11532 (26.0) | |
| 1 | 12019 (27.1) | 11826 (26.7) | |
| 2 | 22594 (50.9) | 21034 (47.4) | |
|
Inpatient LOS
(Median IQR) |
5 (3,8) | 4 (2,6) | <.0001 |
| Primary Payer | <.0001 | ||
| Medicare | 35288 (79.5) | 26574 (59.9) | |
| Medicaid | 4004 (9.0) | 5179 (11.7) | |
| Private Insurance | 4189 (9.4) | 9247 (20.9) | |
| Other | 877 (2.0) | 3336 (7.5) | |
| Missing | 34 (0.1) | 56 (0.1) | |
|
Inpatient
Discharge Disposition (% of those admitted)a |
<0.0001 | ||
| Routine/Home health care |
26015 (66.8) | 26072 (77.2) | |
| Transfer to short- term hospital |
777(2) | 629 (1.9) | |
| Transfer to SNF, ICF, another type of facility |
9907 (25.4) | 6189(18.3) | |
| AMA | 507 (1.3) | 381 (1.1) | |
| Died in hospital | 1682 (4.3) | 459 (1.4) | |
| Missing | 52 (0.1) | 36 (0.1) | |
|
Income Quartile by
Zip Codeb |
<.0001 | ||
| 1 | 14102 (31.8) | 13032 (29.4) | |
| 2 | 11393 (25.7) | 11708 (26.4) | |
| 3 | 9965 (22.45) | 10130 (22.9) | |
| 4 | 7982 (18.0) | 8440 (19.0) | |
| Missing | 950 (2.1) | 1082 (2.4) | |
|
Hospital Teaching
Statusc |
<.0001 | ||
| Metropolitan non- teaching |
20443 (46.1) | 21125 (47.6) | |
| Metropolitan teaching |
20276 (45.7) | 17332 (39.0) | |
| Non-metropolitan hospital |
3673 (8.3) | 5935 (13.4) | |
|
Urban-Rural
Designationd |
<.0001 | ||
| Large metropolitan areas with at least 1 million residents |
25583 (57.6) | 22705 (51.2) | |
| Small metropolitan areas with less than 1 million residents |
11844 (26.7) | 12805 (28.9) | |
| Micropolitan areas | 2904 (6.5) | 4169 (9.4) | |
| Not metropolitan or micropolitan (non- urban residual) |
539 (1.2) | 1587 (3.6) | |
| Other | 3522 (7.9) | 3126 (7.0) |
All values are n (%) except where indicated. CHF, congestive heart failure; AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; LOS, length of stay; SNF, skilled nursing facility; ICF, intermediate care facility
Percentages were calculated with the number of patients who were admitted as the denominator
This represents a quartile classification of the estimated median household income of residents in the patient’s ZIP Code. These values are derived from ZIP Code-demographic data obtained from Claritas. The quartiles are identified by values of 1 to 4, indicating the poorest to wealthiest populations.
The hospital’s teaching status was obtained from the AHA Annual Survey of Hospitals. A hospital is considered to be a teaching hospital if it has an AMA-approved residency program, is a member of the Council of Teaching Hospitals (COTH) or has a ratio of full-time equivalent interns and residents to beds of .25 or higher.
Urban-rural designation of the hospital and is based on the county of the hospital, as identified by the American Hospital Association.