Table 2.

Pre and post-intervention measures and effect sizes for gait and postural balance parameters (means ± standard deviation with 95% confidence interval).

Parameter	RAS-TT (N = 11)			TT (N = 13)			NDT (N = 11)
	Pre	Post	d	Pre	Post	d	Pre	Post	d
FAST GAIT SPEED TEST
Velocity [m/s]†	0.92 ± 0.46	1.27 ± 0.48*	0.75	0.85 ± 0.36	1.03 ± 0.35*	0.50	0.95 ± 0.37	1.12 ± 0.40	0.43
Cadence [steps/min]†	96.7 ± 22.8	116.5 ± 22.5*	0.87	98.0 ± 19.3	101.5 ± 16.8	0.19	101.4 ± 21.31	101.0 ± 16.9	−0.02
Stride length [m]†	1.09 ± 0.35	1.28 ± 0.32*	0.57	1.01 ± 0.28	1.19 ± 0.28*	0.66	1.10 ± 0.27	1.30 ± 0.34	0.65
LOCOMETRE GAIT ANALYSIS
Velocity [m/s]†	0.84 ± 0.43	1.20 ± 0.47*	0.81	0.76 ± 0.29	0.97 ± 0.34*	0.69	0.84 ± 0.39	1.07 ± 0.36	0.60
Cadence [steps/min]†	96.6 ± 25.0	115.0 ± 23.4*	0.76	91.2 ± 19.6	102.7 ± 15.3*	0.65	98.4 ± 23.7	105.7 ± 17.7	0.35
Stride length [m]†	0.99 ± 0.31	1.22 ± 0.31*	0.76	0.96 ± 0.26	1.12 ± 0.29*	0.55	0.97 ± 0.29	1.18 ± 0.28*	0.74
3 MIN WALKING TIME TEST
Distance [m]†	162.2 ± 69.4	216.8 ± 75.5*	0.75	146.5 ± 62.0	170.5 ± 53.7	0.41	180.3 ± 108.4	218.3 ± 119.9*	0.33
INSTRUMENTAL EVALUATION OF BALANCE
Mean lateral COP displacement [mm]	11.2 ± 9.5	11.6 ± 9.3	0.05	15.9 ± 10.7	13.4 ± 10.6	−0.23	15.3 ± 9.9	13.0 ± 10.5	−0.23
Length of COP sway [mm]†	714.2 ± 393.5	702.5 ± 525.0	−0.03	938.6 ± 486.5	834.9 ± 410.9	−0.23	722.6 ± 274.7	632.6 ± 147.5	−0.41
Sway area of COP [mm2]	485.6 ± 602.9	397.8 ± 364.9	−0.18	450.1 ± 245.1	351.5 ± 181.7	−0.48	326.6 ± 216.3	259.9 ± 147.5	−0.36

^†Statistically significant time effect (p < 0.05),

^*statistically significant differences between pre and post-intervention values (p < 0.01$\overline{6}$), d,

effect size Cohen's; , strong effect; , moderate effect; , small effect; RAS-TT, rhythmic auditory stimulation on treadmill; TT, treadmill training; NDT, neurodevelopmental treatment; COP, center of pressure.