Effect of diosmin on p38 and JNK activation in high glucose cultured ARPE-19 cells. (A) The photographs were representatives the western blots for p-p38, p38, p-JNK, JNK and β-actin. Five western blots per group were experimented; (B) The relative intensities of phosphorylated and total p38 protein (fold to β-actin) were determined and the p-p38/p38 ratio was calculated; (C) The relative intensities of phosphorylated and total JNK protein (fold to β-actin) was determined and the p-JNK/JNK ratio was calculated. Each column represents means ± SD (n = 5 per group). a
p < 0.05 and b
p < 0.01 compared with normal-glucose vehicle-treated group (control), respectively. c
p < 0.05 and d
p < 0.01 compared with high-glucose vehicle-treated group, respectively.