Table 1.

Potential brain homogenates biomarkers detected by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and their intensities in control, model, WZYD and flunarizine groups analyzed by one-way ANOVA.

RT	m/z	Compound	Peak Intensity (Mean ± SD)
			Control	Model	WZYD	Flunarizine
0.81	258.1108	GPC	6.61 × 104 ± 3.41 × 104	1.13 × 105 ± 5.40 × 104 ##	2.17 × 104 ± 4.03 × 103 **	2.42 × 104 ± 7.77 × 103 **
0.82	175.1183	Arginine	1.68 × 105 ± 4.88 × 104	1.31 × 105 ± 2.10 × 104 ##	2.77 × 105 ± 4.33 × 104 **	1.91 × 105 ± 2.29 × 104 **
1.11	348.0707	AMP	3.14 × 105 ± 2.05 × 105	5.60 × 105 ± 2.04 × 105 ##	1.62 × 105 ± 3.37 × 104 **	1.82 × 105 ± 6.37 × 104 **
1.14	664.1144	NAD	5.89 × 104 ± 2.29 × 104	7.67 × 104 ± 2.99 × 104 #	2.29 × 104 ± 4.99 × 103 **	3.70 × 104 ± 1.70 × 104 **
1.18	308.0895	GSH	2.33 × 106 ± 1.14 × 106	3.06 × 106 ± 1.09 × 106 #	9.56 × 104 ± 4.70 × 104 **	6.50 × 104 ± 2.42 × 104 **
1.34	613.1597	GSSG	1.39 × 106 ± 7.23 × 105	1.72 × 106 ± 4.48 × 105 #	3.19 × 105 ± 2.32 × 105 **	2.32 × 105 ± 1.81 × 105 **
2.20	136.0616	Adenine	4.61 × 105 ± 2.49 × 105	6.69 × 105 ± 1.75 × 105 ##	2.74 × 105 ± 4.40× 104 **	2.08 × 105 ± 2.54 × 104 **
2.24	268.1025	Adenosine	2.70 × 106 ± 2.37 × 106	5.20 × 106 ± 2.05 × 106 ##	1.97 × 105 ± 5.66 × 104 **	2.70 × 105 ± 1.41 × 105 **
3.51	100.0764	Valerolactam	9.97 × 103 ± 3.32 × 103	2.19 × 104 ± 2.18 × 104 ##	1.02 × 104 ± 3.93 × 103 **	1.03 × 104 ± 5.05 × 103 **
6.56	232.1540	Butyrylcarnitine	5.87 × 104 ± 3.35 × 104	8.25 × 104 ± 4.18 × 104 ##	1.58 × 104 ± 3.90 × 103 **	2.58 × 104 ± 8.02 × 103 **
6.74	114.0914	Caprolactam	8.00 × 105 ± 1.45 × 105	8.98 × 105 ± 1.31 × 105 ##	2.17 × 105 ± 1.26 × 104 **	2.27 × 105 ± 2.44 × 104 **
20.38	385.3465	Cholecalciferol	1.82 × 105 ± 8.48 × 104	1.24 × 105 ± 7.58 × 104 #	1.75 × 105 ± 5.27 × 104 *	1.23 × 105 ± 3.25 × 104

^# p < 0.05 and ^## p < 0.01 compared with control group; * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 compared with model group. GPC: glycerophosphocholine; AMP: adenosine monophosphate; NAD: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; GSH: glutathione; GSSG: oxidized glutathione.