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. 2017 Nov 10;22(11):1789. doi: 10.3390/molecules22111789

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© 2017 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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DMSO effect on the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) (A), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) (B) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (C) in lymphocytes populations. Analysis of total lymphocytes, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ relative percentage that were positives for cytokines in non-stimulated and untreated (NC), stimulated with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) (PC) and stimulated with PMA cells culture in the last 4 h in a total of 8 h of DMSO treatment at 1, 2.5, 5, or 10% v/v or with 5 μg/mL of CsA. Results were expressed as mean and SD. * Statistically significant difference when compared to PC (p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test).