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. 2017 Nov 22;22(11):2030. doi: 10.3390/molecules22112030

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© 2017 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The effects of each compound on the phosphorylation of IRS1 in 3T3-L1 cells during 30 min after the addition of each compound. Protein levels were measured by electroblotting. Undifferentiated cells, cells with the addition of MDI (a mixture of 0.5 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methyl- xanthine (M), 0.1 μM dexamethasone (D), and 2 μM insulin (I)), rosiglitazone, berberine, and vitexilactone are indicated by CTRL, MDI, ROS, BER, and V, respectively. → and ↓ represent no change or down-regulation, respectively.