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600 MHz spectra of serum obtained from rats from the control (A); cinnabar (B); Coptis chinensis group (C) and berberine groups (D). Key: 1, creatinine; 2, creatine; 3, valine; 4, alanine; 5, TMAO; 6, pyruvate; 7, choline; 8, lactate; 9, α-glucose; 10, leucine + isoleucine; 11, acetate.
