Fig 1. Method to estimate lifetime psychological stress.

Lifetime stressors can arise from potentially-stressful significant life events, identified either from a pre-determined list or by those described by respondents, and self-reported occupational stress. A high level of resilience would tend to reduce the amount of psychological stress induced by these stressors, whereas high levels of anxiety would tend to increase psychological stress. CDRS: Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, mGAI: modified Geriatric Anxiety Inventory, mSRRS: modified Social Readjustment Rating Scale.