weighted AL in 2009
	Model 1			Model 2
Independent variables in 2009	β	RSE		β	RSE
Age (centered)	0.156	0.006	***	0.152	0.006	***
Age-squared	−0.003	0.003		−0.005	0.003
Male (ref: female)	0.030	0.017	†	0.070	0.021	**
Married (ref: no)	−0.034	0.021		−0.034	0.021
Education (ref: no)
Elementary school	0.035	0.027		0.030	0.027
Middle school	0.016	0.028		0.007	0.028
High school or equivalent	−0.021	0.032		−0.033	0.031
College or above	−0.096	0.047	*	−0.113	0.047	*
Occupation (ref: farmer)
Unemployed	0.137	0.020	***	0.093	0.023	***
Unskilled	0.017	0.022		−0.019	0.024
Skilled/Professional	0. 072	0.026	**	0.032	0.028
Household income per capita (ref: poorest)
2nd quartile	−0.019	0.020		−0.021	0.020
3rd quartile	0.020	0.022		0.016	0.022
4th quartile (richest)	0.054	0.025	*	0.049	0.025	*
Urbanization index (z-score)	0.044	0.012	***	0.030	0.012	*
Urban (ref: rural)	0.057	0.027	*	0.055	0.028	*
Smoking (ref: none)
< 1 pack per day				−0.082	0.024	**
>= 1 pack per day				−0.030	0.024
Drinking (ref: none)
Monthly				−0.015	0.021
Weekly				0.004	0.026
Daily				−0.016	0.030
Work-related PA (ref: very light)
Light				−0.024	0.022
Moderate				−0.021	0.026
Heavy or very heavy				−0.097	0.027	***
Leisure PA (ref: no)				−0.035	0.029
% of daily energy intake from fat				0.002	0.001	*
Region (ref: inland)
Northeast	0.058	0.025	*	0.057	0.025	*
Coastal	0.018	0.025		0.022	0.025
Mountainous South	−0.036	0.026		−0.026	0.025
Constant	0.642	0.04	***	0.679	0.052	***
σ (random effects)	0.085	0.01	***	0.084	0.01	***
σ (residual)	0.619	0.008	***	0.617	0.008	***

Notes: AL = allostatic load; RSE = robust standard error; PA = physical activity.

^†p<.1

^*p<.05

^**p<.01

^***p<.001