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. 2018 Sep 21;19:58. doi: 10.1186/s12868-018-0460-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 5 — Pharmacological blockage of RA receptors RXR and RAR. Co-treatment with pan-retinoid-X-receptor (RXR) antagonist UVI-3003 (UVI) does not affect the anti-inflammatory effect of the combination of retinoic acid (RA) and minocycline (MINO) on TNF-α synthesis while pan-retinoic acid receptor (RAR) antagonist BMS-493 (BMS) completely impairs this anti-inflammatory mechanism. Results are presented as LPS-stimulated TNF-α, normalized for protein concentration. Values are given as mean ± SEM from at least four healthy controls in independent experiments