Figure 3.

Impact of immediate treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanate on carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, according to carriage at enrollment. Tables and plots indicate the number carrying S. pneumoniae at follow-up visits, according to carriage at enrollment, measured among all swab specimens with microbiological determinations available (carriage presence/absence, or carriage presence/absence and penicillin susceptibility, given carriage). Prevalence estimates are presented as medians (95% confidence intervals [CIs]), based on the bootstrap approach (Methods and Supplementary Materials), to correct for bias from incomplete testing of specimens. We expand on results presented in this figure—detailing susceptibility of isolates carried at follow-up—in Table 2. Amox-Clav, amoxicillin-clavulanate; RR, risk ratio.