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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Sep 22.
Published in final edited form as: Genet Med. 2018 Mar 22;20(12):1544–1553. doi: 10.1038/gim.2018.35

Table 2.

Summary of findings from whole genome sequencing.*

Variants Related to Condition Monogenic Disease Risk
Secondary Findings
Carrier Findings
Variant Classification Patients
with this
result (%)
Mean per
patient
(sd)
Range
per
patient
Patients
with this
result (%)
Mean per
patient
(sd)
Range
per
patient
Patients
with this
result (%)
Mean per
patient
(sd)
Range
per
patient
Cardiology cohort (n=49)
Any results 24 (49%) 0.6 (0.6) 0–2 8 (16%) 0.2 (0.4) 0–1 41 (84%) 1.9 (1.4) 0–6
    Pathogenic 12 (24%) 0.2 (0.4) 0–1 2 (4%) 0.0 (0.2) 0–1 33 (67%) 1.2 (1.1) 0–4
    Likely pathogenic 4 (8%) 0.1 (0.3) 0–1 3 (6%) 0.1 (0.2) 0–1 18 (37%) 0.4 (0.6) 0–2
    VUS: Favor pathogenic 4 (8%) 0.1 (0.3) 0–1 1 (2%) 0.0 (0.1) 0–1 6 (12%) 0.2 (0.6) 0–3
    VUS* 5 (10%) 0.1 (0.5) 0–2 - - - - - -
    Risk allele 0 (0%) 0.0 (0.0) 0 2 (4%) 0.0 (0.2) 0–1 1 (2%) 0.0 (0.1) 0–1
Primary care cohort (n=50) Monogenic Disease Risk Findings Carrier Findings
All results 13 (26%) 0.3 (0.4) 0–1 50 (100%) 2.7 (1.5) 1–7
    Pathogenic 6 (12%) 0.1 (0.3) 0–1 45 (90%) 1.9 (1.3) 0–5
    Likely pathogenic 3 (6%) 0.1 (0.2) 0–1 21 (42%) 0.6 (0.8) 0–3
    VUS: Favor pathogenic 3 (6%) 0.1 (0.2) 0–1 10 (20%) 0.2 (0.5) 0–2
    Risk allele 1 (3%) 0.0 (0.1) 0–1 0 (0%) 0 (0.0) 0
*

Variants of uncertain significance (VUS) where evidence did not favor pathogenicity were only disclosed if they potentially explained a cardiology patient’s diagnosis of hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy. All patients also received polygenic risk predictions about 8 cardiometabolic traits and pharmacogenomic results about 5 drugs. See Appendix 6 and Appendix 7, respectively

Two cardiology patients and one primary care patient were identified with risk alleles for Factor V Leiden thrombophilia, which were reported as monogenic disease risk findings. In addition, one cardiology patient was identified with an allele associated with HEXA pseudodeficiency which was reported as a carrier finding.