Table 5. Prediction of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms and Social Avoidance after Acute-phase Cognitive Therapy for Depression.
| Model | Outcome | Predictors | Beta | SE | Effect size d [95% CI] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Anxiety Sx | Any anxiety disorder | 0.051*** | 0.012 | 0.32 [0.17,0.47] |
| 2 | Anxiety Sx | Social and other anxiety disorders: F(2,462) = 10.87, p < .001 | |||
| Social anxiety disorder | 0.001 | 0.015 | 0.01 [−0.17,0.18] | ||
| Other anxiety disorder | 0.070*** | 0.015 | 0.44 [0.25,0.62] | ||
| Contrast: Social – other | −0.070** | 0.023 | −0.43 [−0.71,−0.15] | ||
| 3 | Depressive Sx | Any anxiety disorder | 1.617 | 0.901 | 0.16 [−0.02,0.34] |
| 4 | Depressive Sx | Social and other anxiety disorders: F(2,464) = 3.77, p =.02 | |||
| Social anxiety disorder | −0.748 | 1.061 | −0.07 [−0.28,0.13] | ||
| Other anxiety disorder | 3.080** | 1.123 | 0.31 [0.09,0.53] | ||
| Contrast: Social – other | −3.829 | 1.694 | −0.38 [−0.72,−0.05] | ||
| 5 | Social avoidance | Any anxiety disorder | 0.229** | 0.086 | 0.25 [0.06,0.43] |
| 6 | Social avoidance | Social and other anxiety disorders: F(2,311) = 4.04, p = .02 | |||
| Social anxiety disorder | 0.254* | 0.102 | 0.28 [0.06,0.50] | ||
| Other anxiety disorder | 0.099 | 0.108 | 0.11 [−0.12,0.34] | ||
| Contrast: Social – other | 0.156 | 0.161 | 0.17 [−0.18,0.52] | ||
Note. N = 290 responders to acute-phase cognitive therapy for depression, including 241 higher risk and 49 lower risk responders. Anxiety disorders assessed at intake to acute-phase cognitive therapy. Symptom (Sx) and functioning outcome variables assessed every 4 months during the 8-month continuation phase, follow-up year 1, and follow-up year 2 (time period). Models controlled depressive symptom severity at study intake, age, age of depression onset, education, ethnicity, gender, time period, and continuation-phase arm (lower risk responders received no continuation treatment; higher risk responders were andomized to 8 months of cognitive therapy, or clinical management with fluoxetine or pill placebo). Anxiety disorders and time period were dummy coded (1 = present, 0 = absent) and centered. Non-significant (p > .05) interactions of anxiety disorders and time period were trimmed from the final models. CI = confidence interval.
p < .05
p < .01
p < .001.