Figure 5.

5-hydroxycyclopenicillone significantly prevents Aβ oligomer-induced reduction of spine number in primary hippocampal neurons. At 15 day in vitro (DIV 15), primary hippocampal neurons were treated with 1.5 μM 5-hydroxycyclopenicillone. Two hours later, neurons were treated with 0.5 μM Aβ oligomer. Neurons were fixed and stained with anti-PSD95 antibody at 24 hours after the treatment of Aβ oligomer. The representative spine morphology in control, Aβ oligomer, and 5-hydroxycyclopenicillone + Aβ oligomer groups were shown in (A), (B) and (C), respectively. The quantitative comparison of spine numbers in various groups was demonstrated in (D). Data, expressed as the percentage of control, were the mean ± SEM of three separate experiments; ** p < 0.01 vs. the control group, # p < 0.05 vs. Aβ oligomer group (ANOVA and Tukey’s test).