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TNF levels in supernatants of cultured J774A.1 murine macrophage cells after exposure to amphiphilic lipopeptides containing different lipid chains, but all possessing the same S-F-R linear peptide headgroup. Test substances were placed in the wells four hours prior to stimulation by CTB (10 μg/mL). TNF levels were measured 18 h after stimulation of the macrophages. Moz 2-3 contains two C12 lipidic amino acids as anchors. Moz 2-3N contains just one single nor-leucine.
