| FTIR | Fourier transform infrared spectra |
| 1H-NMR | 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra |
| 31P-NMR | 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra |
| TGA | Thermogravimetric analyses |
| DTG | Derivative thermogravimetric |
| NMP | N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone |
| DMSO | Dimethyl sulfoxide |
| PDA | Potato dextrose agar |