Table 4.
Plant Species | Plant Organ | Extraction Method | Mosquito | Methods | LC50 (mg/L) | LD50 (µg/g Mosquito) | LC95 (mg/mat) | LC99 (mg/L) | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
* Deltamethrin | An. gambiae | TA | 0.003 | [76] | |||||
* Permethrin | An. gambiae | TA | 0.6 | [76] | |||||
Apium graveolens L. | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 600.0 | [76] | |||
Apium graveolens L. | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 4.5 | [76] | |||
Apium graveolens L. | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 18.0 | [76] | |||
Apium graveolens L. | seed | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 6.6 | [76] | |||
Artemisia absinthium | NI | NI | An. gambia | TA | 12.0 | [76] | |||
Cedrus sp. | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 3.8 | [76] | |||
Chenopodium ambrosioides | Leafy stems | Hydrod. | An. gambiae | WHOTK | 0.9 | 2.1 | [77] | ||
Cinnamomum zeylanicum | Bark | Hydrod. | An. stephensi | MA | 286.2 | [36] | |||
Cinnamomun zeylanicum | bark | NS | An. gambiae | TA | 2.1 | [76] | |||
Cinnamomun zeylanicum | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 2.9 | [76] | |||
Citrus sinensis | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 11.1 | [76] | |||
Cochlospermum planchonii | Root | Hydrod. | An. gambiae | WHOTK | 2.3 | 7.6 | [77] | ||
Cuminum cyminum | Seed | Hydrod. | An. stephensi | MA | 305.2 | [36] | |||
Curcuma longa | Rhizome | Hydrod. | An. stephensi | MA | 302.6 | [36] | |||
Cymbopogon citratus | Leaf | Hydrod. | An. gambiae | WHO test kits | 0.2 | 0.4 | [77] | ||
Cymbopogon citratus | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 3 | [76] | |||
Cymbopogon schoenanthus | Leafy stems | Hydrod. | An. gambiae | WHOTK | 1.57 | 2.7 | [77] | ||
Cymbopogon winterianus | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 3.9 | [76] | |||
Eucalyptus tereticornis | Leaf | Hydrod. | An. gambiae | WHOTK | 0.148 | 1.4 | [77] | ||
Gaultheria procumbens | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 11.1 | [76] | |||
Juniperus virginiana | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 7.7 | [76] | |||
Litsea cubeba | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 4.0 | [76] | |||
Mentha piperita | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 6.8 | [76] | |||
Myristica fragrans | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 10.5 | [76] | |||
Ocimum basilicum | Leaf | Hydrod. | An. stephensi | MA | 316.4 | [36] | |||
Origanum vulgare | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 1.6 | [76] | |||
Pelargonium graveolens | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 2.6 | [76] | |||
Petroselinum crispum | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 5.0 | [76] | |||
Pimpinella anisum | Seed | Hydrod. | An. stephensi | MA | 378.5 | [36] | |||
Piper nigrum | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 8 | [76] | |||
Rosmarinus officinalis | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 31 | [76] | |||
Rosmarinus officinalis | Shoot | Hydrod. | An. stephensi | MA | 282.6 | [36] | |||
Sassafras sp. | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 10 | [76] | |||
Sesamum indicum | NI | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 5.9 | [76] | |||
Syzygium aromaticum | leaf | NI | An. gambiae | TA | 1.5 | [76] |
* Chemical Positive controls; NI: Information is not available; TA = Topical application; MA = Mat machine, WHOTK = WHO test kits, LC50, LC95 and LC99 were Lethal Concentration that killed 50%, 95% and 99% adults mosquitoes LC50, LC95 and LC99 were Lethal Concentration that killed 50%, 95% and 99% adults mosquitoes LC50, LC95 and LC99 were Lethal Concentration that killed 50%, 95% and 99% adults mosquitoes, LD 50 was Lethal Dose that killed 50% of adults mosquitoes.