Table 1.

Plant dry weight, total leaf area, basal diameter, chlorophyll properties of Gynura procumbens to different cadmium and copper treatments.

Treatments	Plant Dry Weight (g)	Total Leaf Area (cm2)	Basal Diameter (mm)	Chlorophyll a (mg/g Fresh Weight)	Chlorophyll b (mg/g Fresh Weight)	Chlorophyll a + b	Chlorophyll a/b
Control	32.45 ± 1.23 a	425.32 ± 12.21 a	24.12 ± 2.34 a	27.52 ± 1.23 a	32.15 ± 0.23 a	59.32 ± 6.76 a	0.84 ± 0.09 a
Cd 2	27.45 ± 0.34 b	397.56 ± 10.23 b	19.32 ± 0.98 b	20.14 ± 0.54 b	28.76 ± 0.76 b	47.12 ± 3.32 b	0.71 ± 0.02 b
Cd 4	23.34 ± 2.32 c	365.21 ± 8.67 d	17.25 ± 2.34 c	19.21 ± 2.34 b	26.54 ± 0.21 c	45.23 ± 2.45 c	0.73 ± 0.01 b
Cu 70	24.21 ± 1.45 c	387.21 ± 9.21 c	18.72 ± 4.32 b	18.23 ± 2.34 c	27.54 ± 0.34 c	45.11 ± 3.12 c	0.67 ± 0.07 c
Cu 140	20.17 ± 2.45 d	340.17 ± 6.23 e	15.21 ± 2.45 e	16.21 ± 1.32 d	25.43 ± 1.34 d	41.32 ± 5.12 d	0.64 ± 0.03 c
Cd 2 + Cu 70	17.56 ± 1.21 e	320.12 ± 7.34 f	17.21 ± 1.43 c	13.21 ± 2.31 e	24.56 ± 1.45 e	37.21 ± 0.23 e	0.54 ± 0.02 d
Cd 2 + Cu 140	15.32 ± 0.21 f	301.23 ± 5.64 g	16.32 ± 3.23 d	11.23 ± 1.21 f	23.21 ± 2.34 f	34.21 ± 0.78 f	0.47 ± 0.04 e
Cd 4 + Cu 70	12.31 ± 1.23 g	311.24 ± 2.45 h	13.21 ± 3.12 f	11.67 ± 2.14 f	23.44 ± 4.22 f	33.23 ± 0.98 f	0.48 ± 0.07 e
Cd 4 + Cu 140	12.52 ± 1.23 g	290.32 ± 3.45 i	12.12 ± 0.23 g	10.21 ± 4.21 g	21.23 ± 2.45 g	30.34 ± 1.23 g	0.47 ± 0.05 e

All analyses are mean ± standard error of mean (SEM), N = 15. Means not sharing a common single letter were significantly different at p ≤ 0.05 using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DNMRT). Cd 2 = cadmium 2 mg/L; Cd 4 = cadmium 4 mg/L; Cu 70 = copper 70 mg/L; Cu 140 = copper 140 mg/L; Cd 2 + Cu 70 = cadmium 2 mg/L + copper 70 mg/L; Cd 2 + Cu 140 = cadmium 2 mg/L + copper 140 mg/L; Cd 4 + Cu 70 = cadmium 4 mg/L + copper 70 mg/L; Cd 4 + Cu 140 = cadmium 4 mg/L + copper 140 mg/L.