Mitochondrial respiration and ROS production. Mitochondria were isolated from myotube tissue culture by differential centrifugation. State 4 and state 3 respiration were measured and normalized to protein concentration. ROS production was determined on isolated mitochondria and normalized to respiration. (A) State 4 and state 3 respiration (*P < 0.05, vs. Con state 4; †P < 0.001, vs. Con state 3; ‡P < 0.05, BafA+ CCA vs. BafA control; n = 4). (B) Mitochondrial ROS production (*P < 0.05, vs. Con state 4; †P < 0.001, vs. con State 3; ‡P < 0.05, BafA+ CCA vs. BafA control; n = 4). (C) Representative western blot of SOD2 and TUBA/α-TUBULIN protein expression. (D) Graphical quantification, SOD2 normalized to TUBA († P < 0.001, main effect of BafA vs. vehicle; n = 6). A.U., arbitrary units. natoms, nanoatoms.