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. 2017 May 30;22(6):901. doi: 10.3390/molecules22060901

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© 2017 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Scheme 1 — Phenylpropnaoid pathway in plants. PAL, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; C4H, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase; 4CL, 4-coumaryl-CoA ligase; CHS, chalcone synthase; CHI, chalcone isomerase; F3H, flavone 3-hydroxylase; F3′H, flavonoid 3′-hydroxyase; F3′5′H, flavonoid 3′5′-hydroxyase; FLS, flavonol synthase; DFR, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase; ANS, anthocyanidin synthase; LDOX, Leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase. The black bold and red letters indicate analyzed genes and compounds in this study, respectively.