Table 1.
Patient-level characteristics of patients in the U.S. state of Georgia referred for kidney transplantation evaluation from 2005 to 2012 (n=7,752), overall and stratified by race
| Characteristic | Study Population | White | African American | Test Statistica | p-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |||
| N=7,752 | N=2,205 (28.4) | N=5,547 (71.6) | |||
| Patient-level characteristics at ESRD start | |||||
| Referral Status | |||||
| Preemptively Referred | 1580 (20.4) | 608 (27.6) | 972 (17.5) | 98.2 | <0.001 |
| Median days (IQR) to event: | |||||
| Placement on the deceased donor waiting list | 425(240,980) | 332 (200, 646) | 474(258, 1110) | 88.8 | <0.001 |
| Receipt of living donor kidney transplant | 669(421, 1149) | 574 (367, 1023) | 874 (507, 1434) | 22.7 | <0.001 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 49.6(11.8) | 51.8(11.6) | 48.8(11.8) | 10.3 | <0.001 |
| Age group | 116.2 | <0.001 | |||
| 18–30 | 506 (6.5) | 115 (5.2) | 391 (7.0) | ||
| 30–39 | 1118 (14.4) | 241 (10.9) | 877 (15.8) | ||
| 40–49 | 1839 (23.7) | 461 (20.9) | 1378 (24.8) | ||
| 49–59 | 2477 (32.0) | 710 (32.2) | 1767 (31.9) | ||
| 60–69 | 1812 (23.4) | 678 (30.7) | 1134 (20.4) | ||
| Sex | 32.3 | <0.001 | |||
| Male | 4406 (56.8) | 1365 (61.9) | 3041 (54.8) | ||
| Female | 3346 (43.2) | 840 (38.1) | 2506 (45.2) | ||
| Attributed cause of end stage renal disease, N (%) | 208.6 | <0.001 | |||
| Diabetes | 3245 (41.9) | 1060 (48.1) | 2185 (39.4) | ||
| Hypertension | 2782 (35.9) | 521 (23.6) | 2261 (40.8) | ||
| Glomerulonephritis | 575 (7.4) | 214 (9.7) | 361 (6.5) | ||
| Other | 1150 (14.8) | 410 (18.6) | 740 (13.3) | ||
| Clinical measures at ESRD start | |||||
| Body Mass Index > 35 kg/m2 | 1841 (24.3) | 495 (22.8) | 1346 (24.9) | 3.4 | 0.09 |
| Congestive heart failure | 1518 (19.6) | 432 (19.6) | 1086 (19.6) | 0.0002 | 0.99 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 1791 (23.1) | 648 (29.4) | 1143 (20.6) | 68.5 | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 6965 (89.8) | 1923 (87.2) | 5042 (90.9) | 23.5 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 4026 (51.9) | 1254 (56.9) | 2772 (50.0) | 30.1 | <0.001 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 251 (3.2) | 137 (6.2) | 114 (2.1) | 87.1 | <0.001 |
| Tobacco use | 609 (7.9) | 223 (10.1) | 386 (7.0) | 21.7 | <0.001 |
| Cancer | 188 (2.4) | 80 (3.6) | 108 (1.9) | 18.8 | |
| Socioeconomic characteristics at ESRD Start | |||||
| Health insurance | 148.5 | <0.001 | |||
| Medicare | 1203 (15.5) | 413 (18.7) | 790 (14.3) | ||
| Medicaid | 1455 (18.8) | 293 (13.3) | 1162 (21.0) | ||
| Employer group | 3198 (41.3) | 1059 (48.0) | 2139 (38.6) | ||
| Other coverage | 373 (4.8) | 122 (5.5) | 251 (4.5) | ||
| No coverage | 1510 (19.5) | 317 (14.4) | 1193 (21.6) | ||
| Neighborhood Characteristics | |||||
| Neighborhood poverty (% ZIP below poverty) | 212.7 | <0.001 | |||
| 0–19% of ZIP below poverty | 3159 (41.9) | 623 (28.8) | 2536 (47.1) | ||
| >20% of ZIP below poverty | 4383 (58.1) | 1539 (71.2) | 2844 (52.9) |
Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range
a
The test statistic and p-value was calculated using Chi-Square or Kruskal-Wallis test for categorical or continuous variables, respectively.
The proportion of missing values for health insurance is 0.17%, for poverty category is 2.78%, for body mass index is 2.36%. Observations with missing values were excluded from the descriptive statistics for each variable.