Table 2.
Characteristics of patients preemptively referred for transplant evaluation to a Georgia transplant center from 2005 to 2012 and the odds ratios estimating the association between patient-level characteristics and preemptive referral
| Characteristic | Preemptive Referral Population N=1580 (20.48 %) | Non preemptive Referral Population N=6172 (79.6)% | Odds Ratios determining the association between preemptive (reference=non-preemptively) transplant evaluation referral and reported characteristics | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Odds Ratioa (95% CI) | |||
| Patient-level characteristics at ESRD start | ||||
| Race/Ethnicity, N (%) | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 608 (27.6) | 1597 (72.4) | Reference | Reference |
| African American | 972 (17.5) | 4575 (82.5) | 0.56 (0.50–0.62) | 0.63 (0.55–0.71) |
| Ageb, mean ± SD | 50.9 ± 11.6 | 49.3 ± 11.8 | 1.01 (1.01–1.02) | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) |
| Age, N (%)b | ||||
| 18–30 | 77 (15.2) | 429 (84.8) | ||
| 30–39 | 213 (19.1) | 905 (80.9) | ||
| 40–49 | 371 (20.2) | 1468 (79.8) | ||
| 49–59 | 484 (19.5) | 1993 (80.5) | ||
| 60–69 | 435 (24.0) | 1377 (76.0) | ||
| Sex, N (%) | ||||
| Male | 866 (19.7) | 3540 (80.3) | Reference | Reference |
| Female | 714 (21.3) | 2632 (78.7) | 1.11 (0.99–1.24) | 1.16 (1.04–1.31) |
| Attributed cause of end stage renal disease, N (%) | ||||
| Diabetes | 679 (20.9) | 2566 (79.1) | Reference | Reference |
| Hypertension | 456 (16.4) | 2326 (83.6) | 0.74 (0.65–0.84) | 0.77 (0.69–0.85) |
| Glomerulonephritis | 193 (33.6) | 382 (66.4) | 1.91 (1.58–2.32) | 1.64 (1.41–1.91) |
| Other | 252 (21.9) | 898 (78.1) | 1.04 (0.89–1.23) | 0.94 (0.83–1.07) |
| Clinical measures at ESRD start, N (%) | ||||
| Body Mass Index > 35 kg/m2 | 370 (20.1) | 1471 (79.9) | 0.99 (0.87–1.13) | 0.94 (0.82–1.08) |
| Congestive heart failure | 226 (14.9) | 1292 (85.1) | 0.63 (0.54–0.74) | 0.67 (0.57–0.79) |
| Hypertension | 1423 (20.4) | 5542 (79.6) | 1.06 (0.88–1.27) | 1.14 (0.93–1.39) |
| Diabetes | 844 (21.0) | 3182 (79.0) | 1.08 (0.97–1.21) | 1.09 (0.93–1.28) |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 34 (13.5) | 217 (86.5) | 0.61 (0.42–0.87) | 0.55 (0.38–0.82) |
| Tobacco use | 94 (15.4) | 515 (84.6) | 0.70 (0.56–0.87) | 0.83 (0.65–1.05) |
| Cancer | 35 (18.6) | 153 (81.4) | 0.89 (0.62–1.30) | 0.68 (0.46–0.98) |
| Socioeconomic characteristics at ESRD Start | ||||
| Health insurance, N (%) | ||||
| Medicare | 261 (21.7) | 942 (78.3) | 0.69 (0.59–0.81) | 1.37 (1.19–1.58) |
| Medicaid | 241 (16.6) | 1214 (83.4) | 0.49 (0.42–0.58) | 1.06 (0.92–1.21) |
| Employer group | 917 (28.7) | 2281 (71.3) | Reference | Reference |
| Other coverage | 73 (19.6) | 300 (80.4) | 0.61 (0.46–0.79) | 1.16 (0.93–1.44) |
| No coverage | 83 (5.5) | 1427 (94.5) | 0.15 (0.11–0.18) | 0.31 (0.26–0.38) |
| Neighborhood Characteristics | ||||
| Neighborhood poverty (% ZIP below poverty), N (%) | ||||
| 0–19% of ZIP below poverty | 565 (17.9) | 2594 (82.1) | Reference | Reference |
| >20% of ZIP below poverty | 977 (22.3) | 3406 (77.7) | 0.76 (0.68–0.86) | 0.97 (10.91–1.03) |
The adjusted logistic regression model is adjusted for the covariates with ORs (95% CI) are reported.
Age was presented as a categorical variable for descriptive statistics and treated as a continuous variable for crude and adjusted logistic regression analyses. Observations with missing values were excluded from the descriptive statistics for each variable.
For the adjusted logistic regression analysis, multiple imputation handled missing data. The proportion of missing values for health insurance is 0.17%, for poverty category is 2.78%, for bod mass index is 2.36%.