Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of unsuccessful use of vascular access unsuccessful use within 6 months of placement; Interventions to make vascular access functional for successful use on dialysis; primary patency loss (requirement for an intervention after successful use of vascular access; and access abandonment; and adjusted relative risk (RR) and 95% CI of frequency of access interventions in the first year after successful use of vascular access. All models were adjusted for age, gender, race, coronary artery disease (combine: history of myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, heart failure), history of stroke, and Liu's co-morbidity index.