Table 2.

Results from multilevel logistic regression models predicting fair or poor health for middle-class, working aged PSID respondents (1985–2011).

	Model 1b			Model 2b			Model 3b
	b		SEa	b		SEa	b		SEa
Age	0.069	***	0.004	0.069	***	0.004	0.065	***	0.004
Ln Family Income	−0.804	***	0.094	−0.969	***	0.104	−0.926	***	0.099
Race
NH White	Ref			Ref			Ref
NH Black	0.790	***	0.088	0.849	***	0.091	0.700	***	0.089
Income*NH Black				0.273	*	0.117	0.237	*	0.116
Parents Poor
Poor							Ref
Average							−0.424	***	0.073
Well Off							−0.202	*	0.088
Lived with Both Parents							−0.161	*	0.066
Father's Education
Less Than High School							Ref
Some High School							−0.194	*	0.095
High School Graduate							−0.207	**	0.065
Some College							−0.260	*	0.119
College Graduate							−0.223	*	0.103
Mother's Education
Less Than High School							Ref
Some High School							−0.134		0.083
High School Graduate							−0.262	**	0.079
Some College							−0.190	f	0.106
College Graduate							−0.186	f	0.111
Intercept	1.980	***	1.980	2.002	***	0.252	1.528	***	0.247
Random Effects
Variance for Intercept	5.537	***	0.244	5.580	***	0.237	5.498	***	0.234
Variance for Income	1.023	***	0.171	1.132	***	0.139	1.229	***	0.170
Variance for Age	0.010	***	0.001	0.010	***	0.001	0.010	***	0.001
Cov(Health & Income)	0.469	f	0.246	0.607	**	0.210	0.652	**	0.194
Cov(Health & Age)	0.094	***	0.009	0.094	***	0.009	0.095	***	0.009
N (Person-Years)		112,209			112,209			112,209
N (Individuals)		17,059			17,059			17,059

Notes : All multilevel regression models are estimated with random intercepts for each PSID respondent. Variables are mean centered.

^aRobust standard errors are calculated with the Huber/White correction method and clustered at the family level.

^bAdditional control variables include: age, sex, family size, relation to head, marital status, employment status, and years completed education.

^***p < 0.001

^**p < 0.01.

^*p < 0.05.

^fp < 0.10

Source: Panel Study of Income Dynamics, 1985–2011