Table 2.
Results from Experiment 3A (SHAM groups only) and Experiment 3B (All groups) right.
| Experiment 3A: Vertical vs. horizontal screen | Experiment 3B: Context x stim groups (CB, PFC, SHAM) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TARGET ERROR | TARGET ERROR | |||||||
| T-test | t(16) = 2.66, p = 0.017* | Cohen's d = 1.26 | Hedges' g = 1.20 | 2 × 3 ANOVA (context x STIM) | F(2, 52) = 1.16 | p = 0.32 | ηp2 = 0.04 | f = 0.20 |
| n | mean | sd | Main effect of context | F(2, 52) = 8.34 | p = 0.006* | ηp2 = 0.14 | f = 0.40 | |
| Vertical Sham | 9 | −6.61 | 5.44 | Main effect of STIM | F(2, 52) = 1.48 | p = 0.24 | ηp2 = 0.05 | f = 0.23 |
| Horizontal Sham | 9 | −1.45 | 2.03 | Vertical Screen | Horizontal Screen | |||
| mean | sd | mean | sd | |||||
| CB (n = 10) | −2.67 | 4.20 | −1.28 | 3.31 | ||||
| PFC (n = 10) | −4.79 | 5.01 | −2.40 | 2.29 | ||||
| SHAM (n = 9) | −6.61 | 5.44 | −1.45 | 2.03 | ||||
| EXPLICIT AIMING ANGLE | EXPLICIT AIMING ANGLE | |||||||
| T-test | t(16) = 1.50, p = 0.15 | cohen's d = 0.71 | hedges' g = 0.68 | 2 × 3 ANOVA (context × STIM) | F(2, 52) = 1.51 | p = 0.23 | ηp2 = 0.06 | f = 0.25 |
| n | mean | sd | Main effect of context | F(2, 52) = 17.62 | p < 0.001* | ηp2 = 0.25 | f = 0.58 | |
| Vertical sham | 9 | 22.48 | 6.81 | Main effect of STIM | F(2, 52) = 0.49 | p = 0.62 | ηp2 = 0.02 | f = 0.14 |
| Horizontal sham | 9 | 15.56 | 11.99 | Vertical Screen | Horizontal Screen | |||
| mean | sd | mean | Sd | |||||
| CB (n = 10) | 10.15 | 11.36 | 26.55 | 8.65 | ||||
| PFC (n = 10) | 17.26 | 6.33 | 25.10 | 9.91 | ||||
| SHAM (n = 9) | 15.56 | 11.99 | 22.48 | 6.81 | ||||
| SUBTRACTION OF AIMING ANGLE FROM TARGET ERROR (IMPLICIT) | SUBTRACTION OF AIMING ANGLE FROM TARGET ERROR (IMPLICIT) | |||||||
| T-test | t(16) = −0.50, p = 0.62 | Cohen's d = 0.24 | Hedges' g = 0.23 | 2 × 3 ANOVA (context x STIM) | F(2, 52) = 2.68 | p = 0.08 | ηp2 = 0.09 | f = 0.31 |
| n | mean | sd | Main effect of context | F(2, 52) = 11.09 | p = 0.002* | ηp2 = 0.18 | f = 0.47 | |
| Vertical sham | 9 | 20.98 | 6.46 | Main effect of STIM | F(2, 52) = 1.21 | p = 0.31 | ηp2 = 0.05 | f = 0.23 |
| Horizontal sham | 9 | 23.10 | 10.84 | Vertical screen | Horizontal screen | |||
| mean | sd | mean | Sd | |||||
| CB (n = 10) | 31.25 | 8.40 | 17.05 | 7.13 | ||||
| PFC (n = 10) | 22.84 | 6.84 | 17.26 | 9.56 | ||||
| SHAM (n = 9) | 23.10 | 10.84 | 20.98 | 6.46 | ||||
Values for target error, explicit aiming angle, and subtraction of aiming angle (implicit component), all in units of degrees, during the rotation block, provided with mean and standard deviations (sd) for each experiment and group (CB, cerebellum; PFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; SHAM, sham control group). Significant p-values of p < 0.05 are shown in red; p-values of p < 0.10 are shown in orange.