Table 5.

The cognitive reserve indicators in dementia vs. no dementia groups and cognitive impairment vs. no cognitive impairment group.

	Dementia					Cognitive Impairment
	U	Z	Sig.	Rho	Sig.	U	Z	Sig.	Rho	Sig.
Education	5359	−4.233	0.000	−0.183	0.000	11836.5	−3.818	0.000	−0.169	0.000
Occupation1	3430.5	−2.646	0.008	−0.128	0.012	6760	−3.969	0.000	−0.178	0.000
Physical Activity2	2857	−3.386	0.001	−0.116	0.018	4831	−4.842	0.000	−0.148	0.003
Gaming Activity: Current	5173	−3.843	0.000	−0.152	0.001	10252.5	−5.133	0.000	−0.205	0.000
Gaming Activity: Previous	6521	−1.433	0.152	−0.058	0.203	11678	−3.198	0.001	−0.139	0.002
Other Hobbies: Current	6425.5	−2.173	0.03	−0.085	0.061	12394.5	−3.441	0.001	−0.145	0.001
Other Hobbies: Previous	7762	−0.011	0.991	0.011	0.809	14144	−1.079	0.281	−0.045	0.320
Social Network Size	6590.5	−1.483	0.138	0.083	0.067	13966.5	−1.009	0.313	0.043	0.343
Social Integration	6531	−1.339	0.181	−0.072	0.112	10073	−4.62	0.000	−0.212	0.000
Social Network Function	2457	−0.171	0.864	0.083	0.067	10669.5	−4.111	0.000	−0.043	0.343

¹Complexity of highest ranked attained occupation.

²Total MET.

Significance is two-tailed.

U, Mann-Whitney U; Z, z-score; Sig, significance level (p-value); Rho, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.