Table 4.

Association Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Risk of Incident Cancer According to Time From Diabetes Diagnosis to Baseline, China Kadoorie Biobank Study, 2004–2013^a

Type of Cancer	No. of Events Among Persons Without T2DM	Time From T2DM Diagnosis to Baseline						P for Trendb
		≤5 Years			>5 Years
		No. of Events	HRc	95% CI	No. of Events	HRc	95% CI
All cancers	16,006	391	1.09	0.99, 1.21	413	1.10	0.99, 1.21	0.02
Esophagus	1,572	19	0.71	0.45, 1.11	19	0.73	0.46, 1.17	0.06
Stomach	2,061	28	0.63	0.44, 0.92	44	0.96	0.71, 1.30	0.20
Colon and rectum	1,721	41	0.87	0.64, 1.19	49	0.94	0.70, 1.25	0.44
Liver	1,746	57	1.56	1.20, 2.04	43	1.18	0.87, 1.61	0.02
Lung	3,217	83	1.08	0.86, 1.34	98	1.12	0.91, 1.37	0.23
Female breastd	1,344	28	0.94	0.64, 1.38	45	1.56	1.15, 2.12	0.02

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.

^a Participants with screen-detected T2DM (n = 13,954) and an implausible age of diagnosis (n = 20) were excluded from the analysis, and the total sample size was 494,918.

^bP values for trend were from a likelihood ratio test comparing the model with time since diabetes diagnosis as an ordered categorical variable to the model without it.

^c The model stratified by the sex, age (5-year intervals), and study area of the study population. Results were adjusted for education, parental history of cancer, body mass index, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical activity.

^d For women only (n = 291,587). The model stratified by the age (5-year intervals) and study area of the study population. Results were adjusted for education, parental history of cancer, menopausal status, body mass index, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical activity.