Table 2.
Distance (log km) separating parental ex-partners following separation
| Coef. | Std. Err. | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Constant | 1.983* | 0.256 | 1.482 | 2.484 |
| Time since separation (wi) | 0.093* | 0.025 | 0.044 | 0.143 |
| Time since separation squared (wi) | −0.003 | 0.002 | −0.007 | 0.001 |
| Marital status (ref: Married) | ||||
| Cohabiting | −0.008 | 0.170 | −0.340 | 0.324 |
| Household employment before separation (ref: Both working) | ||||
| Neither working | 0.079 | 0.292 | −0.493 | 0.651 |
| Father not working, mother working | 0.140 | 0.278 | −0.404 | 0.684 |
| Father working, mother not working | 0.179 | 0.189 | −0.192 | 0.550 |
| Household education before separation (ref: Neither have degree) | ||||
| Both have degree | 1.014* | 0.407 | 0.215 | 1.812 |
| Father has degree, mother has no degree | 0.500 | 0.297 | −0.083 | 1.083 |
| Father has no degree, mother has degree | −0.366 | 0.359 | −1.070 | 0.338 |
| Tenure of home before separation (ref: Homeowner) | ||||
| Private rent | 0.042 | 0.257 | −0.462 | 0.545 |
| Social rent | −0.246 | 0.204 | −0.646 | 0.155 |
| Household income before separation (ref: 25th–49th percentile) | ||||
| Below 25th | −0.143 | 0.227 | −0.588 | 0.303 |
| 50th–74th | −0.155 | 0.197 | −0.540 | 0.230 |
| 75th and above | −0.141 | 0.219 | −0.570 | 0.288 |
| Household (im)mobility at separation (ref: Father moves out, mother stays) | ||||
| Both move out | 0.709* | 0.201 | 0.315 | 1.103 |
| Father stays, mother moves out | −0.035 | 0.171 | −0.371 | 0.300 |
| Population density (log population per hectare) | −0.286* | 0.048 | −0.381 | −0.192 |
| Post-separation new partnership (ref: Both single) | ||||
| Both new partners (wi) | −0.358* | 0.084 | −0.522 | −0.195 |
| Father new partner, mother single (wi) | −0.158 | 0.081 | −0.316 | 0.001 |
| Father single, mother new partner (wi) | −0.019 | 0.076 | −0.169 | 0.131 |
| Both new partner (bw) | 0.224 | 0.265 | −0.295 | 0.742 |
| Father new partner, mother single (bw) | 0.879* | 0.268 | 0.354 | 1.404 |
| Father single, mother new partner (bw) | 0.380 | 0.297 | −0.202 | 0.962 |
| New post-separation child(ren) (ref: Neither new child) | ||||
| Both new child(ren) (wi) | −0.014 | 0.139 | −0.258 | 0.287 |
| Father new child(ren), mother no new child(ren) (wi) | 0.527* | 0.095 | 0.341 | 0.713 |
| Father no new child(ren), mother new child(ren) (wi) | 0.172 | 0.108 | −0.040 | 0.385 |
| Residence of pre-separation child(ren) (ref: Father no child(ren), mother has child(ren)) | ||||
| Child(ren) no longer with parents (wi) | −0.201 | 0.138 | −0.472 | −0.070 |
| Both have child(ren) (wi) | −1.014* | 0.094 | −1.198 | −0.829 |
| Father has child(ren), mother has no child(ren) (wi) | −0.322* | 0.126 | −0.569 | −0.076 |
| Level-2 random-effects parameters | ||||
| σ 2u0 (Intercept variance) | 1.584 | 0.188 | 1.255 | 2.000 |
| σ 2u1 (Time (wi) slope variance) | 0.018 | 0.005 | 0.010 | 0.032 |
| σ u01 (Intercept–time (wi) covariance) | 0.090 | 0.021 | 0.049 | 0.131 |
| Level-1 residual: AR(1) | ||||
| ρ | 0.651 | 0.044 | 0.557 | 0.729 |
| Variance (Residual) | 1.061 | 0.136 | 0.826 | 1.364 |
| Log likelihood | −3357.0525 | |||
| Wald χ 2 (degrees of freedom) | 315.46 (29) | |||
N.B. wi = within effect; bw = between effect. Sample 2: level-2 = 402, level-1 n ij = 2477. The large residual autocorrelation (ρ = 0.651) suggests that the AR(1) residual structure is necessary for accounting for intra-ex-couple dependency
* Indicates fixed-part estimates are statistically significant at the 95 percent level