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General reaction mechanism for binding of a β-lactam substrate (S) to a PBP (E) or a serine β-lactamase (E). Reversible formation of a Michaelis complex (E · S) which proceeds to a stable acyl enzyme (E—S) caused by reaction with the active-site serine. Hydrolysis occurs to form the microbiologically inactive ring-opened β-lactam (P) and either enzymatically active PBP (slow hydrolysis of acyl enzyme) or β-lactamase (Bla, high hydrolysis rate).
