Table 4.
Postnatal trend in quantitative ultrasonography values
| Reference | Year | Quantitative ultrasound device | Site/parameter | Trend of speed of sound/bone transmission time values postnatally (preterm) | Trend of speed of sound/ bone transmission time values postnatally (term) | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mercy et al. [2] | 2007 | Omnisense 7000P | Tibia/SOS | Decreasing | The overall trend in tibial SOS showed a decrease with postnatal age. | |
| Ashmeade et al. [7] | 2007 | Omnisense 7000P | Tibia/SOS | Decreasing | There was a significant decrease over time for entire cohort of preterm infants. | |
| Tansug et al. [14] | 2011 | Omnisense 7000P | Tibia/ SOS | Decreasing | SOS values of preterm infants decreases until 2nd month of life. | |
| Gonnelli et al. [15] | 2004 | DBM Sonic | Humerus/BTT, SOS | Decreasing in SOS Increasing in BTT |
Decrease in SOS values for term infants at 12-months follow-up. Steady increases in BTT for term infants after birth at 12-months follow up. | |
| Betto et al. [16] | 2014 | DBM Sonic | Metacarpal/BTT, SOS | Decreasing | Decreasing | Deflection of metacarpal BTT from birth to 3rd week of life, followed by increase in this parameter during first few months of life. |
| Ritschl et al. [17] | 2005 | DBM Sonic | Second metacarpal/ BTT, SOS | Decreasing in SOS Increasing in metacarpal BTT |
Decreasing in SOS | Decline in SOS values for up to 6 months in term and preterm infants, then increasing trend up to 18 months of life. Steady increase in metacarpal BTT after birth in preterm infants. |
| Litmanovitz et al. [18] | 2007 | Omnisense 7000P | Tibia/ SOS | Decreasing | Bone SOS decreases during the first 4 postnatal weeks in very low birth weight premature infants. | |
| Liao et al. [19] | 2005 | Omnisense 7000P | Tibia/SOS | Decreasing | The SOS of infants showed an inverse correlation with postnatal age, and the decrease of bone SOS with age in premature infants was more marked than in full-term infants. | |
| Altuncu et al. [21] | 2007 | Omnisense 7000P | Tibia/SOS | Decreasing | Serial assessment of tibia SOS z-scores of preterm infants showed that tibia SOS z-scores of preterm infants at term-CA (corrected age) were significantly lower than the scores at first postnatal week of life. | |
| Rack et al. [23] | 2012 | Osteoson KIV | 4 different sites/SOS | Decreasing | Rapid decline in SOS values in first few weeks of life, plateauing after 40 weeks post-conceptual age. | |
| Fewtrell et al. [25] | 2008 | Omnisense 7000P | Tibia/SOS | Decreasing | Both absolute and z-scores relative to cross-sectional reference data fell during the postnatal period. | |
| Litmanovitz et al. [29] | 2003 | Omnisense 7000P | Tibia/SOS | Decreasing | ||
| Rubinacci et al. [32] | 2003 | DBM Sonic | Humerus/BTT, SOS | Decreasing | ||
| Savino et al. [39] | 2013 | DBM sonic | Metacarpal/BTT, SOS | Decreasing | Decreasing trend of SOS values lasted up to 240 days, followed by slow increases in next months. |
BTT bone transmission time, SOS speed of sound