Figure 6.

Possible mechanisms of the implication of intracellular Na⁺, K⁺ and Ca²⁺ in excitation-transcription and excitation-translation coupling. CaM, calmodulin and other intracellular Ca²⁺ sensors; CaRE, Ca²⁺-sensitive response elements; KS and NaS, intracellular K⁺ and Na⁺ sensors, respectively; NaRE, Na⁺-sensitive response elements. For more details, see the text.