Figure 5.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay. The percentage of ROS-positive cells in the artesunate (ART) + 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) + ultrasound (US) group was significantly higher than that in the control group. * p < 0.05: ART + 5-ALA + US group vs. Control. Results are presented as the mean ± standard deviation.