Fig. 5.

The effect of combination treatment with AST plus Lact in nephrectomized rats. Spontaneously hypertensive rats underwent sham nephrectomy (Sham), 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx), Nx plus AST treatment (Nx + AST), Nx plus Lact treatment (Nx + Lact), or Nx plus AST and Lact treatment (Nx + AST + Lact) as described in “Materials and methods”. a Populations of Lact species (left panel) in the colons of Sham, Nx, Nx + AST, Nx + Lact, and Nx + AST + Lact were examined by T-RFLP (left) and PCR (right). Measurements of systolic blood pressure (SBP, b), serum creatinine level (c), blood urea nitrogen level (BUN, d), daily urinary protein excretion (e), serum indoxyl sulfate (f) levels are compared among the groups. ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01 versus Sham; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 versus Nx. N = 8 per group