Thyroid-specific deletion of Rap1 in Tpo-R1aKO mice reduces thyroid size. (A) Western blot showing total Rap1 expression in wild-type (WT), Tpo-R1aKO, and Tpo-R1aRap1KO thyroids. Three-dimensional (3D) rendering of ultrasonographic images of (B) Tpo-R1aKO and (C) Tpo-R1aRap1KO thyroids at nine months of age. (D) Thyroid volumes determined by 3D ultrasonography at three-month intervals of Tpo-R1aKO (blue line; n = 18), Tpo-R1aRap1KO (red line; n = 30), and Cre-negative littermate control (black line; n = 25) mice. (E) Scatter plot showing the range of Tpo-R1aRap1KO thyroid volumes over time (p = 0.077, ns). (F–H) 10 × images of hematoxylin and eosin–stained thyroids from Tpo-R1aKO (G), Tpo-R1aRap1KO (H), and cre-negative littermate controls (F) at nine months of age. **p ≤ 0.001 at both six- and nine-month time points. Graphs show mean and standard error of the mean (SEM).