Table 1.
In vitro antileishmanial activity and mammalian cytotoxicity of sesquiterpene lactones (STLs).
| Compounds | L. (L.) infantum Promastigotes | L. (L.) infantum Amastigotes | Cytotoxicity | SI (NCTC/Amastigote) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IC50 (μM) (SD) | IC50 (μM) (SD) | CC50 (μM) (SD) | ||
| Helenalin acetate (1) | 3.53 (0.2) | 1.15 (0.22) | 8.12 (1.47) | 7.0 |
| Mexicanin I (2) | 4.89 (1.2) | 1.73 (0.7) | 9.20 (2.74) | 5.3 |
| Arglabin (3) | 29.98 (2.4) | 7.33 (4.0) | 39.35 (6.38) | 5.3 |
| Cynaropicrin (4) | 30.59 (0.61) | 6.88 (3.5) | 33.54 (7.39) | 4.8 |
| Alantolactone (5) | 9.94 (0.14) | n.a. | 11.04 (1.61) | - |
| Parthenolide (6) | 59.13 (4.00) | 89.20 (-) | 58.18 (9.14) | <1 |
| Budlein A (7) | 28.00 (7.87) | n.a. | 9.05 (1.86) | - |
| Miltefosine | 16.69 (3.49) | 17.80 (1.39) | 116.70 (5.30) | 6.5 |
IC50: 50% inhibitory concentration; CC50: 50% cytotoxic concentration; n.a.: not active to the highest concentration of 100 μM; SI: selectivity index based on CC50 in murine fibroblasts (NCTC)/IC50 in amastigotes.