Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants.
| Variable | Diagnosis based on study clinical consensus | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Autism spectrum disorder (n = 67) | Non-spectrum (n = 20) | P value | |
| Male n (%) | 60 (89%) | 14 (70%) | NS |
| Age of first parental concern (months) | 18.7 ± 9.9 | 16.9 ± 8 | NS |
| Age at diagnosis (years) | 3 ± 1.9 | 4.2 ± 4 | NS |
| Age at study evaluation (years) | 7.9 ± 5 | 6.8 ± 5.1 | NS |
| Time between first diagnosis and study evaluation (years) | 4.9 ± 4.6 | 2.6 ± 2.5 | 0.005 |
| Language impairment (%) | 27 (40%) | 10 (50%) | NS |
| Non-Verbal IQ score | 80.1 ± 21.6 | 104.5 ± 21.7 | 0.003 |
| Vineland Adaptive Behavior Composite | 65.6 ± 13.2 | 72.7 ± 12.2 | 0.04 |
| ASD family load score | 0.1 | 0.25 | NS |
| Reported developmental regression (%) | 27 (40%) | 6 (30%) | NS |
| History of seizures n (%) | 4 (6%) | 1 (5%) | NS |
| Macrocephaly n (%) | 13 (20%) | 2 (10%) | NS |
| Microcephaly n (%) | 4 (6%) | 1 (5%) | NS |
| Subjects diagnosed by 1 health care provider | 34 (50%) | 13 (65%) | NS |
| Subjects diagnosed by 2 or more health care providers | 32 (48%) | 7 (35%) | NS |
| Subjects evaluated by ADOS in the community | 19 (28%) | 4 (20%) | NS |
| Subjects evaluated by VABS in the community | 19 (28%) | 5 (25%) | NS |
Continuous data are presented as Mean + Standard deviation. Categorical data presented as n (%) NS non-significant, ADOS Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, VABS Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale