Table 1.
Sample Distribution of the Study Sample Adults and Prevalence of Tobacco Use, 2012–2015 NHIS
| Variables | All adults | Current ST users | Former ST users | Non-ST tobacco users | Never tobacco users | p | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
| Total | 136035 | 100.0 | 2771 | 2.1 | 10338 | 7.9 | 55320 | 39.8 | 67606 | 50.2 | |
| Year | |||||||||||
| 2012 | 34026 | 24.9 | 667 | 2.1 | 2541 | 8.2 | 13925 | 40.3 | 16893 | 49.4 | 0.18 |
| 2013 | 34120 | 25.2 | 637 | 2.0 | 2504 | 7.8 | 13867 | 40.0 | 17112 | 50.2 | |
| 2014 | 36233 | 25.5 | 792 | 2.2 | 2875 | 7.8 | 14513 | 39.2 | 18053 | 50.7 | |
| 2015 | 31656 | 24.4 | 675 | 2.3 | 2418 | 7.7 | 13015 | 39.7 | 15548 | 50.3 | |
| Gender | |||||||||||
| Male | 60332 | 47.9 | 2532 | 4.2 | 8507 | 14.0 | 26696 | 42.8 | 22597 | 39.1 | <.001 |
| Female | 75703 | 52.1 | 239 | 0.3 | 1831 | 2.3 | 28624 | 37.1 | 45009 | 60.4 | |
| Age | |||||||||||
| 18–34 | 36513 | 30.1 | 965 | 2.8 | 3002 | 8.1 | 12793 | 33.8 | 19753 | 55.2 | <.001 |
| 35–64 | 68063 | 51.3 | 1476 | 2.1 | 5778 | 8.8 | 27784 | 40.3 | 33025 | 48.8 | |
| 65+ | 31459 | 18.6 | 330 | 1.1 | 1558 | 5.1 | 14743 | 48.2 | 14828 | 45.7 | |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||||
| NH white | 83625 | 66.4 | 2372 | 2.9 | 8440 | 10.2 | 37325 | 43.5 | 35488 | 43.4 | <.001 |
| Hispanic | 22964 | 15.3 | 101 | 0.4 | 732 | 3.3 | 7148 | 30.5 | 14983 | 65.9 | |
| NH black | 19719 | 12.0 | 205 | 0.9 | 769 | 3.7 | 7900 | 37.5 | 10845 | 58.0 | |
| NH Asian | 8155 | 5.6 | 24 | 0.3 | 219 | 2.4 | 2263 | 26.1 | 5649 | 71.3 | |
| NH other | 1572 | 0.9 | 69 | 4.8 | 178 | 9.8 | 684 | 41.0 | 641 | 44.3 | |
| Education | |||||||||||
| Less than high school | 20483 | 13.4 | 484 | 2.7 | 1134 | 6.1 | 8388 | 40.1 | 10477 | 51.1 | <.001 |
| High school | 34784 | 25.6 | 942 | 2.9 | 2730 | 8.3 | 15237 | 43.4 | 15875 | 45.4 | |
| Some college | 41627 | 30.9 | 932 | 2.2 | 3633 | 8.6 | 17572 | 41.1 | 19490 | 48.1 | |
| College + | 38562 | 29.7 | 407 | 1.1 | 2825 | 7.6 | 13933 | 35.4 | 21397 | 55.9 | |
| Missing | 579 | 0.5 | 6 | 2.3 | 16 | 4.0 | 190 | 34.8 | 367 | 58.9 | |
| Poverty status | |||||||||||
| Poor | 22482 | 12.6 | 406 | 2.0 | 1351 | 6.2 | 9561 | 41.9 | 11164 | 49.9 | <.001 |
| Low income | 25915 | 17.0 | 482 | 2.0 | 1762 | 7.0 | 10785 | 40.6 | 12886 | 50.4 | |
| Middle income | 35395 | 26.5 | 875 | 2.6 | 2995 | 8.8 | 14559 | 40.0 | 16966 | 48.7 | |
| High income | 40489 | 34.8 | 855 | 2.1 | 3615 | 8.8 | 16080 | 39.3 | 19939 | 49.8 | |
| Unknown | 11754 | 9.2 | 153 | 1.3 | 615 | 5.9 | 4335 | 36.9 | 6651 | 55.9 | |
| Marital status | |||||||||||
| Married | 59302 | 53.0 | 1175 | 2.1 | 4698 | 8.2 | 22524 | 38.7 | 30905 | 51.0 | <.001 |
| S/D/W | 36130 | 17.4 | 663 | 1.8 | 2328 | 6.7 | 16829 | 47.2 | 16310 | 44.3 | |
| Never married | 32022 | 22.2 | 674 | 2.2 | 2491 | 7.4 | 11957 | 34.3 | 16900 | 56.2 | |
| Living with partner | 8274 | 7.2 | 259 | 3.4 | 800 | 9.8 | 3892 | 47.2 | 3323 | 39.6 | |
| Missing | 307 | 0.2 | 0 | 0.0 | 21 | 6.6 | 118 | 41.5 | 168 | 51.9 | |
| Region | |||||||||||
| Northeast | 22393 | 17.7 | 207 | 1.0 | 1156 | 5.4 | 9851 | 41.7 | 11179 | 51.9 | <.001 |
| Midwest | 28406 | 22.6 | 769 | 2.7 | 2793 | 10.2 | 11911 | 41.9 | 12933 | 45.2 | |
| South | 48592 | 36.9 | 1118 | 2.7 | 3398 | 7.8 | 19473 | 38.9 | 24603 | 50.6 | |
| West | 36644 | 22.8 | 677 | 1.6 | 2991 | 7.7 | 14085 | 37.8 | 18891 | 53.0 | |
| Binge drinking | |||||||||||
| No | 103787 | 75.2 | 1300 | 1.3 | 5357 | 5.3 | 38897 | 36.4 | 58233 | 57.0 | <.001 |
| Yes | 29763 | 23.0 | 1388 | 4.7 | 4787 | 16.3 | 15234 | 50.3 | 8354 | 28.6 | |
| Missing | 2485 | 1.8 | 83 | 3.2 | 194 | 8.2 | 1189 | 47.1 | 1019 | 41.5 | |
| BMI | |||||||||||
| Underweight | 2422 | 1.8 | 23 | 1.1 | 105 | 4.3 | 1057 | 38.7 | 1237 | 55.9 | <.001 |
| Normal | 45108 | 33.6 | 643 | 1.4 | 2898 | 6.4 | 17978 | 38.5 | 23589 | 53.7 | |
| Overweight | 45194 | 33.2 | 1096 | 2.5 | 3943 | 9.2 | 18674 | 40.8 | 21481 | 47.5 | |
| Obese | 39120 | 28.2 | 978 | 2.8 | 3298 | 9.0 | 16126 | 40.8 | 18718 | 47.5 | |
| Missing | 4191 | 3.1 | 31 | 0.8 | 94 | 2.4 | 1485 | 35.7 | 2581 | 61.1 | |
| Health insurance coverage status | |||||||||||
| No | 19977 | 14.1 | 467 | 2.5 | 1562 | 7.7 | 8126 | 40.9 | 9822 | 49.0 | 0.00 |
| Yes | 115540 | 85.4 | 2289 | 2.1 | 8743 | 7.9 | 47020 | 39.7 | 57488 | 50.4 | |
| Missing | 518 | 0.5 | 15 | 3.1 | 33 | 8.1 | 174 | 35.8 | 296 | 53.0 | |
% = weighted percentage; BMI = body mass index; NH = non-Hispanic; NHIS = National Health Interview Survey; ST = smokeless tobacco; S/D/W = separated/divorced/widowed.