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. 2018 Sep 21;8:14161. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-32256-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Vps34 downregulation decreases proliferation of Tsc2-deficient cells in vivo. Mice were injected subcutaneously with 2.5 × 10⁶ Tsc2^−/− shCTL or shPI3KC3 MEFs. Mice bearing tumors > 100 mm³ were identified by palpation. (A) Tumor latency was increased in Tsc2^−/− shPIK3C3, compared to Tsc2^−/− shCTL tumors. Statistical significance was assessed by Mantel-Cox Test with p = 0.001. (B) Tumor volume was decreased in the shPI3KC3 tumors compared to shCTL tumors. (C) Growth of individual shCTL and shPI3KC3 tumors. (D) Tumor volume at 8 days after palpation. Data presented as mean +/− standard deviation. Statistical significance was assessed by Student’s unpaired t-test with *p < 0.05, ****p < 0.0001.